Q: How can I tell when suffering is unnecessary?
/Capitol Reef National Park, Utah
I suffer because I don't have a partner. How much of this is non-egoic suffering — that natural suffering that is part of being human and thus of having basic needs such as for intimacy and social connection.
How can I tell when it is egoic suffering and unnecessary?
This type of question is very difficult to answer because the question usual comes from the suffering itself. A holding and compassionate response frequently is far more useful than the one I am likely to give here. Exploring the specifics of suffering is best left to a psychological consideration or perhaps to body-work, and it is often better suited to a one-on-one interaction, something that writing does not allow and I will not attempt here.
So with that as an introduction, please forgive my response if you find it offensive.
Suffering is never necessary. It can even be said that it is entirely of the "mind" and thus not real in any absolute sense. Pain is part of the human experience, but suffering need not accompany the pain. Loss and longing are often painful, but when the mind fixates on the pain, suffering is the inevitable result.
It is important to distinguish here the difference between "pain" and "suffering". Pain is one of the body's responses to the physical world. Pain can be mild and easily incorporated in one's life, and it can be severe, so pervasive that it dominates the current experience.
Suffering is one of the mind's responses to the world. I am distinguishing "thought" from "mind" and loosely define the latter as thought patterning that is accompanied by a sensation of continuity (and perhaps in some circles called "ego"). Without the mind, without ruminative thoughts, there is no suffering.
When we loose a loved one or experience a deep longing such as the desire for relationship (or the loss of one), much of the discomfort we experience can be described as a rejection of the current situation or lamentation of a past situation (which of course can only happen currently). Some of the discomfort is the body's response to the loss or longing, but the dominant experience is usually the mind's response and its amplification with many layers of thought patterns and ruminations. We could also describe suffering as the mind's insistence on attempting to live in the past or future (which is of course not possible and thus deeply painful).
When we look at the suffering of others, it is often easy to see much of their discomfort comes from their relationship to their life-situation, and not the life situation itself. Yet when we are in the midst of our own suffering, our mind easily thwarts clear seeing and our own stories often dominate in a convincing way and thus leading us to believe our own story has deep seated truth (and thereby trapping us within the belief of the suffering).
There are a number of therapeutic practices that offer explorations to ease the experience of suffering (such as ACT or CBT) and there are also a number of spiritual practices that can provide relief as well (such as meditation or Buddhist Metta practice). Because of the nature of this blog, I will direct my response to a deeper truth (but please don't read that as a "better" truth) and perhaps point to another avenue of exploration...
Pain is a natural part of the mind/body's experiencing. When we stub a toe or break a leg, the body informs us that attention may be necessary to remediate the situation.
Suffering is of the mind and is fundamentally a demonstration of the deep-seated belief in our sense of separation, our sense that we are distinct and separate from the outside world. Suffering could also be described as a belief in thought, a belief in the mind's patterning, and a by product of that way of thinking is the belief that we are (in part) our thoughts. While there is often physical sensations that are associated with suffering, more often than not those sensations are the body's reaction to the thought/belief patterning (and not the other way around... although the suffering may initially be the reaction to a physical stimuli).
When we ask ourselves: "Is it absolutely necessary that we suffer in this current life-situation?" our own knowing will lead us to the obvious answer: "No it is not absolutely necessary and it is possible to imagine that there is another response to this situation which would not cause suffering"… and there lies the recognition that we in fact know that our suffering is not necessary and that it is instead of the mind (the ego, in some parlance) and not because of the our life-situation. By no means interpret this as a judgement or as a claim that we "shouldn't" suffer. It is instead just a clear seeing of the fact that suffering is not required in the situation.
When we can acknowledge this, we may then become curious about the basic dynamic that is occurring when we are suffering and we may discover a pattern that includes a fixation on thought and the rumination of why our life-situation is as it is or how it should be instead, and we notice that the thought patterning is rejecting the immediacy of our experience. At this point, the mind might try to analyze this patterning… and thereby again getting itself lost in more mind patterning. Yet if we instead hold true to the exploration of the dynamic itself and not of the content, we can then explore the nature of thought and discover that all thought is relative and thus it is dependent upon opposites.
Without "up" there can be no "down". Without "light" there can be no "dark". Without "here" there can be no "there".
"Up" is down when we are above it. No night is "dark" relative to absolute darkness. "There" is here when we are there.
When there is an "inside" there must be an "outside". When there is "red" there must be "non-red". When there is "tall" there must be "short". When there is "me" there must be a "you".
We can be "outside" a room and still be inside a house. Yellow is "non-red" but it is also a mix of red and green. You may be "tall", but it is likely you are shorter than a building. From your perspective, "you" is me.
With this recognition, we eventually discover that all thoughts are relative and thus only relatively "true" based upon some previous thought… which itself is no more real than… well... not real at all because it is dependent upon a "before" thought which was no less relative than the current thought.
For many, this is a very difficult to grasp. Most of us hold steadfast to the blind faith in our thoughts and words, yet all the while ignoring how relative they are to a particular perspective (life-situation). One day we think X is true and the next day Y is true instead. If you allow yourself, you can see that that fixation on the truth of our thoughts is really quite absurd.
If you stay with this exploration long enough, the final conclusion is that no thought is true. None. Nada. Not even this one! Yes, thoughts can be quite useful at times, but only when they are seen for what they are; thoughts are simply appearances like any other appearance (object) and by definition relative and thus "defined" by their relationship to other objects (which are constantly "changing" and thus not real in any absolute sense).
So perhaps at this point we recognize that suffering occurs when we believe our current thoughts to have absolute truth. Said another way: suffering occurs when we believe the immediacy of the moment could be different (again: when we believe what our thoughts are telling us).
Without thought, can there be suffering? When "No" becomes the clear answer, we can then return to the basic experience of suffering and see that it is causeless… and like any appearance, it is known to be already accepted and like all appearances, it "passes". Without the fuel of the belief in thought, suffering can no longer have a hold on us and it stops becoming the focus of our attention. Without the belief in the mind-patterning (the story) that maintains the suffering, why would we even care about the suffering (or for that matter, even call it "suffering")?
So if suffering is thought patterning and if thoughts are not real, then what is?
Does anything exist without thought?
Clearly there are gaps "between" thoughts…
Does existence cease "during" those gaps?
Do "we" disappear between thoughts?